Intermodalism

A holistic view of transportation in which individual modes work together or within their own niches to provide the user with the best choices of service, and in which the consequences on all modes of policies for a single mode are considered. This view has been called balanced, integrated, or comprehensive transportation. Intermodalism includes the provision of connections between different modes, such as highways to bus feeder services to rail transit.

K

K-Factor

A factor which represents the proportion of Average Annual Daily Traffic (AADT) expected to occur in the design hour. The K-factor is also known as the design hour factor and is normally expressed in design problems as DHV = AADT x K, where the DHV is the total two-way Design Hour Volume, and K is estimated from the ratio of the 30th Hourly Volume to the AADT from a similar site.

L

Level Of Service (LOS)

A qualitative measure describing operational conditions within a traffic stream and motorists' perceptions of those conditions. For example, LOS A represents free flow, almost complete freedom to maneuver within the traffic stream. LOS F represents forced flow, more vehicles are attempting to use the freeway than can be served resulting in stop and go traffic.

Light Rail Transit (LRT) or Light Rail

A railway with a "light volume" traffic capacity compared to "heavy rail." Light rail may use shared or exclusive rights of way, high or low platform loading, and multi-car trains or single cars traveling on fixed rails. LRT uses lightweight, streetcar type passenger vehicles operated on city streets that is not separated from other traffic for much of the way. LRT also known as light rail, streetcar, trolley car, and tramway.

M

Major Investment Study (MIS)

A study and resulting document which replaced Feasibility Studies under the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act (ISTEA) for major improvement projects involving significant Federal funds. A MIS includes the study of factors that may justify a proposed project such as it's cost effectiveness and overall effectiveness and incorporation of intermodal transportation. Measures Of Effectiveness are defined and calculated as part of the MIS. The MIS also requires consideration of other transportation modes as well as broader public and agency input.

Measures Of Effectiveness (MOE)

MOE include: average vehicle speed, vehicle stops, delays, vehicle-hours of travel, vehicle-miles of travel, fuel consumption and pollutant emissions. MOE provide insight into the effects on the traffic stream of the applied improvement strategy.

Metropolitan Planning Organization (MPO)

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